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Enciklopedichen rechnik na antichnata mitologia i klasicheskata drevnost
R. Palaci, P. Gilsyn
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| | | Description: |  | Starogryckata duma mythos oznachava "duma, pogovorka, rech", a syshto i izmislen razkaz". No kak vsyshtnost e roden mityt? Naj-lesnoto obiasnenie na negovia proizhod e, che toj e otgovoryt, kojto drevnite zhiteli na zemiata sa dali na vsichkite si vyprosi i na strahovete si, svyrzani s prirodnite iavlenia. V centyra na svoite izmisleni razkazi drevnite postaviali sishtestva sys svryhestestveni sposobnosti, koito pritezhavali choveshki obraz i chuvstva. S techenie na vremeto tezi mitove, predavani ot usta na usta, bili podeti i obogateni ot fantaziata na poetite, koito im pridali hudozhestvena forma i gi dopylnili s pouchitelni, patriotichni i religiozni elementi, a ne samo s razvlekatelni. Syshto i izobrazitelnite izkustva, ot zhivopista do skulpturata i Vazovata zhivopis, se vdyhnoviavali ot mitologiata i syzdali ideala za harmonichnite formi. Dori frenskiat istorik Pier Rusel tvyrdial, che gryckata mitologia e syzdatelka ne samo na krasivi istorii, no i na "krasivi formi".
Prez III v.pr.Hr. starogryckiat pisatel Evemer potyrsil za pyrvi pyt logichesko tylkovanie na mitovete, izlagajki tezata, che Drevnogryckite bogove bili drevni care ili obozhestveni geroi, dejstvitelno zhiveli v minaloto. Prez vekovete sled Evemer antropolozi, filolozi, sociolozi i psiholozi predstavili mnogo po-seriozni i pylni izsledvania po temata. Niakoi smiatali, che mitovete proizlizat ot ritualite na kulta, kogato v momentite na religiozen trans primitivnite hora bili nasochvani da pripisvat sila i volia na vsiaka proiava na prirodata i na neodushevenite predmeti. Frenskiat sociolog Emil Diurkejm vizhdal v mita element na vryzka mezhdu prirodata i kulturata v dadeno obshtestvo. Karol Kereni, ungarski filolog, tvyrdial, che mitologiata e "biologichna" proiava, svyrzana s edna faza ot "biologichnoto" razvitie na choveka. Ot svoia strana Karl Gustav Iung smiatal, che mityt e simvolno predstaviane na dejstvia i viarvania, syzdadeni ot kolektivnoto bezsyznatelno.
Istoricheskiat moment, v kojto se syzdava edin mit, ne mozhe da byde opredelen s tochnost. Chesto legendite imat po-dreven proizhod, otkolkoto se e smiatalo pyrvonachalno, i sa dostignali Gyrcia oshte s preselilite se tam narodi. Tova bi moglo da obiasni i sreshtaneto na analogichni mitove v India, Mala Azia i v Egipet. Zatova edin i syshti mit ima razlichni versii spored mestata, obichaite i specifichnite kultove, v korena na koito se e zarodil. Edin mit se e formiral i po razlichen nachin v zavisimost ot razlichnite mesta, dyrzhavi i narodi, koito go vyzpriemali (naprimer na mita za Eros i Psihe syshtestvuvat okolo trista versii). V nastoiashtata enciklopedia e vyzpriet kriteriat da se predstavia naj-dostovernata i sreshtashta se v poveche ot edin izvor versia.
Za da byde po-pylno poznavaneto na antichnia sviat, v enciklopediata e otdeleno goliamo miasto i na istoriata. Biaha vkliucheni statii, svyrzani s naj-vazhnite istoricheski sybitia, s obichaite, zakonite, kulturata i filosofskata misyl, koito harakterizirat tezi obshtestva. Na niakoi mesta sa dobaveni i anekdoti za obshtestvenia i chastnia zhivot na niakoi lichnosti, koito davat vyzmozhnost te da bydat videni v po-choveshka svetlina.
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What is BALKANATOLIA.com?
BALKANATOLIA.com is a shop for Bulgarian music, films
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Why are some texts and descriptions in Bulgarian with Latin script?
Products such as books and films are in Bulgarian and are targetted mainly at Bulgarians.
To be able to read the website without a Cyrillic font installed on your computer, the description of these products in the English version of the website is in Latin script.
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